Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research

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VOLUME 69

NUMBER 4

APRIL 2010

CONTENTS

Review

249

Review on adverse effects of water contaminants like arsenic, fluoride and phosphate and their remediation



S P Mishra, M Das & U N Dash


Department of Chemistry, ITER, S`O`A University, Bhubaneswar 751 030, India

This review presents removal of three major anionic contaminants (arsenic, phosphate and fluoride) in water by adsorption/precipitation method using both synthetic and natural materials. A discussion is also made on interfering co-radicals (silicate, sulphate, nitrate, bicarbonate, chloride, etc.).

Management & Information Technology

254

Measurement of dangerous traffic conditions through driving dependability analysis

This paper presents a concept of driving dependability analysis based on driver specific error-inducing behaviors in various information processing stages, using database of bus drivers to measure dangerous traffic conditions. Formalized expert judgment method based on fuzzy sets was applied to determine variability of driving behaviour under traffic accident conditions. Based on case study conducted, it effectively predicted effect of driving errors on road traffic safety in quantitative and qualitative terms.

Range of driving reliability

Range of driving reliability

Wuhong Wang, Heiner Bubb, Katsushi Ikeuchi & Qi Cao

¹School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P R China

²Institute of Ergonomics, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrae 15, D – 85747, Garching, Germany

³Computer Vision Lab, the University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan

⁴College of Traffic and Transportation, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031,P R China

Management & Information Technology

259

Modeling and optimization of MAG welding for gas pipelines using regression analysis and simulated annealing algorithm



Farhad Kolahan & Mehdi Heidari


Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, PO Box 91775-111, Mashhad, Iran

This study established input-output relationships for metal active gas (MAG) welding for gas pipelines. Regression analysis (RA) was performed on data collected as per Taguchi design of experiments. Adequacy of RA model was verified using ANOVA method. RA model was then embedded into a simulated annealing (SA) algorithm to determine optimal process parameters for weld bead geometry specification. Proposed method is found quite effective in predicting process parameters for weld bead geometry.

266

Optimization of steel bars subjected to Tempcore process using regression analysis and harmony search algorithm


I B Sankar, K M Rao & A Gopalakrishna

Mechanical Engineering Department, JNTU, Kakinada, India

This study explores use of regression analysis (RA) and harmonic search algorithm (HSA) for optimization of process parameters of steel bars produced by Tempcore process. Nonlinear RA with logarithmic transformation was applied in developing empirical model. HSA was then applied to optimize influential process parameters.

271

Chest X-ray features extraction for lung cancer classification



S A Patil & V R Udupi



Textile & Engineering Institute,
Ichalkaranji 416 115, India

This study presents a computer algorithm, which consists of four main steps (image acquisition, image pre-processing, nodule candidate detection, and feature extraction) for nodule detection in chest radiographs. Algorithm is applied on small-cell type of lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small-cell type of lung cancer (NSCLC) images. Total 50 images (25 from each category) were used to estimate geometrical and texture features. Active shape model (ASM) was used for lung field segmentation. Gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) was used to estimate texture features.

Management & Information Technology

278

An integrated data mining approach based on PCA and SOM techniques to achieve organism classification



K-L Hsieh

Department of Information Management, National Taitung University, 684, Chung Hua Rd, Sector 1, Taitung, Taiwan, R O C

In this study, dimension reduction and clustering techniques are incorporated in an integrated soft computing approach to achieve classification of organism. It provides useful information about organisms classification based on codon usage. Finally, a case study was conducted to demonstrate rationality and feasibility of proposed approach.

S & T and Industrial Research

284

Parametric study of induced draft counter flow rectangular cooling tower based on exergy analysis



Gaurav Aggarwal, S S Kachhwaha &
R S Mishra

¹Department of Science & Technology, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi 110 016, India

²Department of Mechanical Engineering, Delhi College of Engineering, Main Bawana Road, Delhi 110 042, India

This study presents development of a simple and efficient mathematical model, in which energy, draft and pressure equations are solved simultaneously. Model was validated with experimental data collected from an induced draft counter flow rectangular cooling tower of a refrigeration plant (capacity, 220 tonnes) in a dairy industry at Ambala (India). Model predictions and experimental data match satisfactorily. In a parametric study, wet bulb temperature of inlet air plays a significant role on air and water outlet temperatures, evaporation loss, fan power, thermal efficiency, exergy destruction and second law efficiency.

293

Synthesis of sulphacetamide sodium by ultrasonic irradiation



Sunanda Roychowdhury, Sanat Kumar Mandal, Sukumar Ghosh & Soumitra Deb

Research & Development, East India Pharmaceutical Works Limited, Kolkata 700061, India

An efficient method for synthesis of sulphacetamide sodium by ultrasonic irradiation at room temperature is described. Quality of product prepared by this method has been found to be comparable with standard methods using refluxing conditions.

S & T and Industrial Research

295

Study of inclusion complexes of valsartan with b-cyclodextrin and hydroxypropyl b-cyclodextrin


Pravin Nalawade, Vilasrao Kadam &
Rajashree Hirlekar

Department of Pharmaceutics                , Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Pharmacy, Sector 8, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai 400 614, India

This study presents improvement in solubility and dissolution rate of valsartan (VAL) using b-cyclodextrin (βCD) and hydroxypropyl-b-cyclodextrin (HP-βCD). Formation and characterization of solid inclusion complexes were investigated by DSC, FTIR, SEM, ¹HNMR and in-vitro dissolution studies. Preparation method influenced physical properties of binary mixtures. Inclusion complexes obtained by co-evaporation method showed higher in vitro drug dissolution rates.

300

Surface charge of different paper making raw materials and its influence on paper properties



Y V Sood, Renu Tyagi, Sanjay Tyagi,
P C Pande & Rajnish Tondon




Central Pulp & Paper Research Institute, Post Box No. 174, Saharanpur 247 001, India

Analysis of common paper making fillers indicated that TiO₂ (Anatase) has highest negative charge whereas GCC has slightly positive charge. Hypo chlorite bleached pulps have higher negative charge than pulps obtained by other bleaching sequences employed by paper mills. Increment in negative surface charge in pulps caused negative effect on filler retention, specific scattering co-efficient and print density of paper, however print through tendency increased causing poor print quality.

Energy and Environment

305

Anaerobic baffled reactor for treatment of textile dye effluent




Simmi Goel


Department of Biotechnology, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib 140 406, India

In present paper, continuous anaerobic treatment technology has been developed in anaerobic baffle reactor (ABR) and some process parameters [hydraulic retention time (HRT), organic loading rate (OLR), pH and temperature] were optimized. Active bacteria for degradation were added as digested sewage sludge. Highly colored wastewater has successfully been treated in ABR. Textile industrial waste organic matter gave maximum biogas yield (1.64 + 0.02 l/d; methane, 83%) and COD removal (71.5%) at optimum parameters (OLR, 0.500 kg/m³/d; HRT, 4 days; pH, 6.5-7.3; and temp.,
30-35°C).

Waste Treatment and Utilization

308

Mechanical strength of fibrous concrete with waste rural materials


M Sivaraja, S Kandasamy &
A Thirumurugan

¹Kongu Engineering College, Erode, India

²Anna University – Trichy, Ariyalur campus, India

³SSM College of Engineering, Komarapalayam, India

This study presents reusing of locally available waste fibrous materials as concrete composites. Mechanical strength properties (compressive strength, split tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture and shear strength) of synthetic fibres (nylon, plastic and tyre) with volume fractions (0.5%, 1% and 1.5%) and aspect ratios (30, 60 and 90) were evaluated. Empirical relation was proposed for mechanical strength in relation with fibre reinforcing index (FRI) and compared with experimental results. Concrete mixed with rural waste fibres improved mechanical strength.

Author-Reader Platform

313

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