Indian Journal of Experimental Biology
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VOLUME 49 |
NUMBER 2 |
FEBRUARY 2011 |
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CODEN:
IJEB (A6) 49 (2) - (2010) 77-162 |
ISSN: 0019-5189 (Print); 0975-1009 (Online) |
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CONTENTS
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Review Article |
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Therapeutic effects of proanthocyanidins
on the pathogenesis of periodontitis — An overview |
83 |
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Jayamathi Govindaraj, Pamela Emmadi & Rengarajulu Puvanakrishnan |
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Papers |
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Lentiviral-mediated
RNAi targeting p38MAPK ameliorates high
glucose-induced apoptosis in osteoblast MC3T3-E1
cell line |
94 |
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Zhengping Feng, Huacong Deng, Jia Du, Danyan Chen, Rong Jiang & |
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|
|
|
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Silencing of Bmi-1 gene by RNA interference
enhances sensitivity to doxorubicin in breast cancer cells |
105 |
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Xiangmei Wu, Xing Liu, Joyeeta Sengupta, Youquan Bu, Faping Yi, |
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|
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Human sodium iodide symporter
(hNIS) in fibroadenoma
breast—A immunohistochemical study |
113 |
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Ruchi Rai, Ashutosh
Shrivastava, Ashwani Tandon, Madan M Godbole, |
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Proteomic analysis of cerebral synaptosomes
isolated from rat model of Alzheimer’s disease |
118 |
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|
|
|
|
|
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Antioxidant effect of Lagerstroemia speciosa Pers (Banaba) leaf extract in streptozotocin-induced
diabetic mice |
125 |
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|
|
|
|
|
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Ameliorative role of atorvastatin
on methionine-induced hyperhomocysteinemia
and hematological changes in albino rats |
132 |
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Uma Bhandari, Rahila Ahmad Pathan, Vinay Kumar & Naresh Khanna |
|
|
|
|
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Development and in vitro characterization
of a bivalent DNA containing HN and F genes of velogenic
|
140 |
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Uttara Chaturvedi, Shahina Kalim, G Desai, Barkha Ratta, Rajiv Kumar, |
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Acute and sub-acute toxicity of ethanolic extract of Canthium
mannii Hiern stem
bark on |
146 |
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|
|
|
|
|
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Induction of systemic resistance in different
varieties of Solanum tuberosum
by pure and crude elicitor treatment |
151 |
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Himanshu S Bariya, Vasudev R Thakkar, Amit N Thakkar & R B
Subramanian |
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—————————
Announcement
National Symposium on Microwave Field Measurement,
Biological Effects and
Application in Nano-Science (MICRO-NANO-2011)
4 and 5 March 2011, JNU,
Organized
and sponsored by the
The topics to be covered will include but not limited
to the following: (i) Principle of microwave
radiations (ii) Electromagnetic fields-bio-interactions and solution
(iii) Electromagnetic fields and environment (iv) Radiofrequency fields measurement
and dosimetry (v) Radiation hazards and safety
standards (vi) Nanotechnology in wastewater treatment, and (vii) Nanoscience applications in medical, biological and
environmental issues.
For further details, kindly contact Prof. J. Behari, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru
University, New Delhi 110 067.
Telephone: +91-011-2670 4323 (O),
+91-011-2617 5857 (R); Fax: +91-011-2616
5856; E-mail: masijnudelhi@gmail.com
————————
Editor’s
Note
The Indian Journal of Experimental Biology is covered by the
following international abstracting and indexing services:
Science Citation Index ExpandedTM
PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nim.nih.gov/)
MEDLINE
BIOSIS
Chemical Abstracts Service
Excerpta Medica
Informascience
Refrativnyi Zhurnal
Zoological Records
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Author
Index |
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Bariya Himanshu S |
151 |
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Basha P Mahaboob |
125 |
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Bhandari Uma |
132 |
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Bilong Bilong C F |
146 |
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Bu Youquan |
105 |
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Chaturvedi Uttara |
140 |
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Chen Danyan |
94 |
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Das Vinita |
113 |
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Dash B B |
140 |
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Deng Huacong |
94 |
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Desai G |
140 |
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Du Jia |
94 |
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Dwivedi Varsha |
113 |
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Emmadi Pamela |
83 |
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Feng Zhengping |
94 |
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Godbole Madan M |
113 |
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Govindaraj Jayamathi |
83 |
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Jiang Rong |
94 |
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Jiao Qingfang |
105 |
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Kalim Shahina |
140 |
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Khanna Naresh |
132 |
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Kumar Rajiv |
140 |
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Kumar Sandeep |
113 |
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Kumar Sudesh |
140 |
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Kumar Vinay |
132 |
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Liang Xiaoyan |
94 |
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Liu Xing |
105 |
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Mbida Mpoame |
146 |
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Pal Lily |
113 |
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Pathan Rahila Ahmad |
132 |
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Pone J Wabo |
146 |
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Puvanakrishnan Rengarajulu |
83 |
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Qiao Haixuan |
118 |
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Rai Ruchi |
113 |
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Ratta Barkha |
140 |
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Ravindra P V |
140 |
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Sahoo A P |
140 |
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Saumya S M |
125 |
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Sengupta Joyeeta |
105 |
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Shi Yanyan |
105 |
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Shrivastava Ashutosh |
113 |
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Song Fangzhou |
105 |
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Subramanian R B |
151 |
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Tandon Ashwani |
113 |
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Thakkar Amit N |
151 |
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Thakkar Vasudev R |
151 |
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Tian Xin |
118 |
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Tiwari Ashok K |
140 |
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Tiwari Sangeeta |
140 |
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Wang Changdong |
105 |
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Wu Xiangmei |
105 |
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Yang Huiyun |
118 |
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Yi Faping |
105 |
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Zhu Yong |
105 |
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Keyword Index |
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Antioxidant property |
83 |
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Alzheimer’s disease |
118 |
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Apoptosis |
94 |
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Atorvastatin |
132 |
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Bicistronic gene construct |
140 |
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Bmi-1 |
105 |
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Breast cancer |
105 |
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Canthium mannii |
146 |
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Defense related enzymes |
151 |
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2-DGel electrophoresis |
118 |
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Diabetes |
125 |
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DNA vaccine |
140 |
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Doxorubicin |
105 |
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Elicitor |
151 |
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Fibroadenoma breast |
113 |
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Free radicals |
125 |
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High glucose |
94 |
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Human sodium iodide |
113 |
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Hyperhomocysteinemia |
132 |
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Hypersensitivity response |
151 |
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Immunohistochemistry |
113 |
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In vitro expression |
140 |
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Lagerstroemia |
125 |
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Lentivirus |
94 |
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Lipid profile |
132 |
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MC3T3-E1 cell line |
94 |
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Methionine |
132 |
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NDV |
140 |
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Nitric oxide |
83 |
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Oxidative stress |
125 |
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P38MAPK |
94 |
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Periodontitis |
83 |
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Phytophthora infestans |
151 |
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Proanthocyanidin |
83 |
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Proteomics |
118 |
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Reactive oxygen species |
83 |
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RNA interference |
94,105 |
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Solanum tuberosum |
151 |
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Stem-bark extract |
146 |
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Synaptosomes |
118 |
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Toxicity |
146 |
Indian Journal of Experimental Biology
Vol. 49, February 2011, pp. 83-93
Review
Article
Therapeutic effects of proanthocyanidins
on the pathogenesis of periodontitis—
An overview
Jayamathi Govindaraj1, Pamela Emmadi2
& Rengarajulu Puvanakrishnan3*
Department of 1Biochemistry and 2Periodontics,
Maduravoyal, Chennai 600 095,
3Department of Biotechnology, Central Leather Research
Institute (CLRI), CSIR, Chennai 600 020,
Periodontitis is a bacterially induced chronic inflammatory disease that destroys the connective tissue and bone that support teeth. Bacteria initiates periodontitis and destruction of the alveolar bone and periodontal connective tissue is clearly observed. But, the events occuring between these two points of time remain obscure and this study focusses on these aspects. The proanthocyanidins (PC) have variable pharmacological and nutraceutical benefits including improvement of ischemic cardiovascular disease, prevention of atherosclerosis and antiarthritic, anticancer and antimicrobial activities. The benefits associated with the antioxidant activity of PC have been evaluated both in vivo and in vitro. But, reports on the ameliorative effects of PC on oral diseases and specifically on periodontitis are very few. Hence, a novel attempt is made to review the possible protective effects of PC and its mechanism of action in periodontitis and also to show whether PC could be developed as a therapeutic agent for periodontitis.
Papers
Indian Journal of Experimental Biology
Vol. 49, February 2011, pp. 94-104
Lentiviral-mediated
RNAi targeting p38MAPK ameliorates high
glucose-induced apoptosis in osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cell
line*
Zhengping Feng1, Huacong Deng1†, Jia Du2, Danyan Chen1, Rong
Jiang2 & Xiaoyan Liang2
1Department of Endocrinology, The First
Affiliated Hospital,
2 Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue
Engineering,
Received 5 April 2010; revised 12 October 2010
The p38 mitogen activated protein kinase
(p38MAPK) pathway is an important signaling cascade
involved in cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. High glucose activates
p38MAPK pathway in different cells, including osteoblasts.
In the present study, role of p38MAPK in high glucose induced osteoblast apoptosis and potential of RNA interference (RNAi) targeting p38MAPK as a therapy strategy have been
reported. Lentiviral-mediated RNAi
effectively reduced p38MAPK and p-p38MAPK expressions in osteoblastic
cell line (MC3T3-E1) following high glucose (
Indian Journal of Experimental Biology
Vol. 49, February 2011, pp. 105-112
Silencing of Bmi-1 gene by RNA interference enhances sensitivity
to doxorubicin in breast cancer cells
Xiangmei Wu1,2, Xing Liu3, Joyeeta Sengupta2, Youquan
Bu2, Faping Yi2, Changdong Wang2, Yanyan
Shi2,
Yong Zhu2, Qingfang Jiao2 &
Fangzhou Song2*
1 Department of Physiology,
2 Molecular Medicine and
3 Department of Pediatric Urology, Chongqing Children’s Hospital,
Received 8 February 2010; revised 18 November 2010
The
oncogene Bmi-1 is highly up-regulated in breast
carcinoma and is found to be efficient in preventing apoptosis of the cancer
cells. Doxorubicin is an important chemotherapeutic agent against breast
carcinoma. However, the effective therapeutic response to doxorubicin is often
associated with severe toxicity. The present study is targetted
at developing a strategy to increase doxorubicin sensitivity to lower doses
without compromising its efficacy. A stable cell line with a persistent
silencing of Bmi-1 was established. MTT assay was performed to evaluate 50%
inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of doxorubicin. Apoptosis was
detected by FCM and the expression of related genes [phosphor-Akt (pAkt), totle-Akt
(tAkt), Bcl-2 and Bax] was
studied by Western blot. In vivo, the
sensitivity of the tumor tissues against doxorubicin
was evaluated by transplanted MCF-7 nude mice model and
the apoptosis
of tissue cells was detected by TUNEL assay. The expression of pAkt and Bcl-2 was
down-regulated, whereas Bax was up-regulated in Bmi-1 silencing cells. The results obtained
indicated that silencing
of Bmi-1 can render MCF-7 cells more sensitive to doxorubicin which induced a
significantly higher percentage of apoptosis cells in vitro and in vivo. All
together these results clearly demonstrate that Bmi-1 siliencing
combined treatment of doxorubicin might be a new strategy for biological
treatment on breast cancer.
Indian Journal of Experimental Biology
Vol. 49, February 2011, pp. 113-117
Human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS) in fibroadenoma breast—A immunohistochemical study
Ruchi Rai1, Ashutosh Shrivastava3, Ashwani Tandon4, Madan M Godbole3, Sandeep Kumar2,*, Vinita Das1, Varsha Dwivedi2 & Lily Pal4
Departments
of 1Obstetrics & Gynaecology and 2Surgery,
and
3Departments of Endocrinology and 4Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of
Medical Sciences,
Received 29 June 2010; revised 12 October 2010
Human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS), responsible for the active transport of iodine is an integral plasma membrane glycoprotein present in the thyroid cells and extrathyroid tissues like breast and salivary glands. If its functional form is unequivocally shown in benign or malignant breast tissues, then it may serve as a basis for diagnosis and treatment using radioactive iodine. With an aim to analyze the hNIS expression in a distinct benign breast condition of fibroadenoma, biopsy proven fibroadenoma tissues, normal non-lactating breast tissue and biopsy proven infiltrating duct carcinoma tissues were examined for hNIS expression using immunohistochemistry. Out of 20 biopsy proven fibroadenoma tissues, 19 (95%) showed positivity for hNIS protein and only one was negative. Of these 10% were mildly positive, 50% cases were moderately positive and 35% showed intense positivity. None of the control tissue obtained from reduction mammoplasty specimens or normal breast tissues samples (5 cms away from the tumor) were positive. hNIS was also intensely positive in 9 out of 10 (90%) infiltrating duct carcinoma tissues and moderately positive in one case. These preliminary results show that hNIS was present in high frequency as demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in fibroadenoma breast.
Indian Journal of Experimental Biology
Vol. 49, February 2011, pp. 118-124
Proteomic analysis of cerebral synaptosomes isolated from rat model of Alzheimer’s disease
Huiyun Yang, Haixuan Qiao & Xin Tian*
Received 14 October 2009; revised 22 October 2010
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common and
devastating disease and there is no readily available biomarker to aid
diagnosis or monitor progression of it. To further understand the pathogenic
mechanism of AD, proteomic approach was used to study the cerebral synaptosomes proteins of rats injected with Aβ1-40.
Compared with the untreated samples,
14 proteins were found apparently altered through 2-dimensional gel
electrophoresis. 12 of them were down-regulated
and 2 were up-regulated. Three proteins including alpha-2-globin chain, peptidyl-prolycis-trans isomerase
A (PPIaseA)
and cofilin-1 protein were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS)
and SWISS-PROT database query. Alpha-2-globin chain has not been shown to be
associated with AD. PPIaseA and cofilin-1 protein are
correlated with cell apoptosis and signaling. The altered
proteins identified may help to understand the pathogenesis of AD.
Indian Journal of Experimental Biology
Vol. 49, February 2011, pp. 125-131
Antioxidant effect of Lagerstroemia speciosa Pers (Banaba) leaf extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice
Saumya S M & P Mahaboob Basha*
Department of Zoology,
Received 26 November 2009; revised 21 October 2010
Aqueous leaf
extract of L. speciosa (banaba)
effectively decreased the blood glucose in streptozotocin-induced
diabetic mice after 15th day of banaba
exposure. Further, banaba leaf extract have the
potential to inhibit lipid peroxidation
and effectively intercept/neutralize reactive oxygen species such as super
oxide, H2O2 and NO based free radicals.
The aqueous banaba leaf extract (150 mg/kg bodyweight)
duly reduced STZ generated reactive intermediates and radical species helping
to regulate normal levels of antioxidative markers
like superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-
S-transferase and reduced glutathione.
Indian Journal of Experimental Biology
Vol. 49, February 2011, pp. 132-139
Ameliorative role of atorvastatin on methionine-induced hyperhomocysteinemia and hematological changes in albino rats
Uma Bhandari1,* Rahila Ahmad Pathan1, Vinay Kumar1 & Naresh Khanna2
2Department
of Pharmacology,
Received 8 February 2010; revised 18 October 2010
Methionine (1g/kg, po) administration to pathogenic
control rats for 30 days significantly increased the levels of homocysteine, total cholesterol (TC), low density
lipoprotein (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL-C) and triglycerides (TGs) and decreased the levels of high density lipoprotein
(HDL-C) in serum. Hematological observations of the
peripheral blood smears of pathogenic rats fed with methionine
also showed crenation of RBCs
cell membrane and significant increase in total leukocyte count, differential
leukocyte count and platelet counts with significant decrease in the mean hemoglobin levels as compared to vehicle control rats.
Administration of atorvastatin (0.2 mg/kg/po) to hyperhomocysteinemic rats
significantly decreased the levels of homocysteine,
TC, TGs, LDL-C and VLDL-C and increased the levels of
HDL-C in serum. The present results provide clear evidence that oral treatment
with atorvastatin exhibit homocysteine
and lipid lowering activity and also reversal of hematological
changes induced by methionine
in albino rats.
Indian Journal of Experimental Biology
Vol. 49, February 2011, pp. 140-145
Development and in
vitro characterization of a bivalent DNA containing HN and F genes of velogenic
Uttara Chaturvedi, Shahina Kalim1, G Desai2, Barkha Ratta, Rajiv Kumar, P V Ravindra, Sudesh Kumar, B B Dash3, Sangeeta Tiwari4, A P Sahoo & Ashok K Tiwari*
Molecular Biology Laboratory, Division of Animal Biotechnology
Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar 243 122,
Received 1 June 2010; revised 26 October 2010
Indian Journal of Experimental Biology
Vol. 49, February 2011, pp. 146-150
Acute and sub-acute toxicity of ethanolic
extract of Canthium mannii
Hiern
stem bark on Mus musculus
J Wabo Poné* & Mpoame Mbida
Department of Animal Biology, Laboratory of
Applied Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science,
University of Dschang, PO Box 067 Dschang,
Cameroon.
and
C F Bilong Bilong
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology,
Laboratory of General Biology, Faculty of Science,
University of Yaoundé 1, PO Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Received 23 July 2009, revised 1 November 2010
Acute and sub-acute toxicity of ethanolic extract (ETE) of C. mannii was assessed on white mice (Mus musculus). After 48 h of extract administration, no death was registered. It was deduced that the LD50 was indisputably higher than 16 g/kg body weight. The sub-acute toxicity test was based on the daily administration of three doses of ETE (300, 600 and 1200 mg/kg body weight) for four weeks; 1% DMSO served as negative control. As for the first experiment, no sign of toxicity was registered. Conversely, the sub acute doses stimulated and increased the weight-rate of mice after 7 days of treatment. Except for the spleen weight, the doses administrated did not modify the weight index. It was observed that, sub-acute doses induced and increased (a) the food (particularly) and water consumption according to time and (b) the number of red and white blood cells. It was thought that, ETE can stimulate the haematopoietic function. Finally, no time variation of the activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase enzyme was observed in the serum of euthanized mice. The results showed the innocuity of ETE of C. mannii and thus validated his utilization in cameroonian traditional pharmacopoea.
Indian Journal of Experimental Biology
Vol. 49, February 2011, pp. 151-162
Induction of systemic resistance in different varieties of Solanum tuberosum by pure and crude elicitor treatment
Himanshu S Bariya, Vasudev R Thakkar*, Amit N Thakkar & R B Subramanian
B & R Doshi
School of Biosciences, Sardar Patel Maidan, Sardar Patel University,
Vadtal Road, Bakrol, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388 120, India
Received 28 January 2010; revised 13 July 2010
A 10 kD
elicitor protein (infestin) produced by Phytopthora
infestans was purified
and its efficacy for induction of systemic resistance in resistant and
susceptible varieties of Solanum
tuberosum was studied.
Culture filtrates from
P. infestans with and without purified elicitor (infestin)
were used as elicitors to understand the effect of purified elicitor (infestin) on development of systemic resistance. Culture
filtrate and purified elicitor (infestin) were found
to induce hypersensitive reaction on the leaves of resistant varieties, but not
on susceptible varieties after 48 h. Culture filtrate devoid of purified elicitor
(infestin) did not induce any necrotic spots even on
resistant variety. Purified elicitor (infestin) was
found to induce glucose oxidase, NADPH oxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase,
catalase and peroxidase enzymes in resistant S.
tuberosum plants, however
the induction of these enzymes was low in susceptible varieties. The oxidative
enzymes were found to induce earlier than antioxidative
enzymes and there was negative correlation between these two groups of enzymes.
Levels of salicylic acid, phenylalanine ammonia lyase
(PAL), β-1, 3 glucanase and chitinase
activities were also found higher in resistant than in susceptible varieties.
It was observed that purified elicitor (infestin) was
superior to crude culture filtrate, but was not capable of inducing systemic
resistance in susceptible varieties.