Indian
Journal of Marine Sciences
[ISSN: 0379-5136 CODEN : IJMNBF ]
Total visitors: 509
since
29-08-07
VOLUME 36
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NUMBER
- 3
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SEPTEMBER
2007
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CONTENTS
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Papers |
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Effects of straight groin parameters on amount of accretion |
173-182 |
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Changes in the hydrological characteristics of Chabihau coastal wetlands,
Yucatan, Mexico, associated with hurricane Isidore impact |
183-192 |
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Carbohydrates in size fractionated dissolved organic matter in a station of the
Bay of Bengal |
193-198 |
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Water column characteristics following the September 2004 stench event,
off southern Malabar coast Siby
Kurian, D.M. Shenoy, Mangesh
Gauns, Rajdeep Roy, Gayatree
Narvenkar, A. K. Pratihary & Jane T. Paul
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199-205
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Composition and seasonal dynamics of postlarval and juvenile fishes in theSundarbans mangrove waters, BangladeshM.
Enamul Hoq & M. Nazrul Islam
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Structure and secondary production of the macrobenthic community in an
aquatic transition environment of the Gulf of Olbia, Mediterranean Sea |
216-226 |
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Iron (Fe) Concentrations in the byssus and soft tissues of the green-lipped mussel Perna viridis (L.): Byssus as an excretion route of Fe and Fe bioavailability in the coastal waters. |
227-234 |
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Short
Communication |
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N-methylpyrrolidone: Isolation and characterization of the compound from
the marine sponge Clathria frondifera
(class:Demospongiae) |
235-238 |
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Abstracts
of the Papers
Indian Journal of Marine Sciences
Vol. 36(3), September 2007, pp. 173-182
Effects
of straight groin parameters on amount of accretion
İsmail Hakkı Özölçer1* & Murat İhsan Kömürcü2
1Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Civil Engineering Dept., 67100 Zonguldak, Turkey
2Karadeniz Technical University, Civil Engineering Dept., 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
*[E-mail:ozolcer@hotmail.com ]
Received 17 April 2006; revised 14 May 2006
Various types of structures are used in shore protection and littoral sediment trapping. Groins are one of these structures. The main hydraulic function of the groin is to control the long shore current and littoral sediment transport. In this paper, the effects of various groin parameters (length and spacing) and wave parameters (wave height, wave period and wave angle) on the accretion of the area protected by straight groin were studied in a physical model. The model studies were performed using regular waves in a basin. A numerical model which depends primarily on a CERC model is employed to examine the effects of some of the above parameters. Good agreement was found in the results of physical and numerical models. The results of a numerical model are compared with field data that were obtained by deep sounding measurements at Çarşıbaşı coasts, Trabzon Province, Turkey. The important outcome from this study may be employed in designing of straight groins.
[Key words: Straight groins, shore protection, sediment transport, accretion parameter, numerical model, field data]
=================
Indian Journal of Marine Sciences
Vol. 36(3), September 2007, pp.183-192
Changes
in the hydrological characteristics of Chabihau coastal wetlands, Yucatan,
Mexico, associated with hurricane Isidore impact
Eduardo
Batllori * & José L. Febles
CINVESTAV, Research and Advanced
Studies Center of I.P.N., Human Ecology Department., Km 6 Antigua
Carretera a Progreso, A.P. 73, Cordemex, Merida, 97310, Yucatan, Mexico
*[E-mail: batllori@mda.cinvestav.mx ]
Received 22 May 2006, revised 14 May 2007
This paper describes changes in the hydrologic behavior of Chabihau coastal lagoon, Yucatan, Mexico, associated with the impact of Hurricane Isidore (2002) and the construction of hydraulic infrastructure in coastal highways, through the spatiotemporal analysis of the water physicochemical variables, from the 1999 flood season to the 2005 dry season. The coastal wetlands were subdivided into three areas: San Crisanto swamp in the west, Chabihau lagoon in the center, and Santa Clara swamp in the east. After the hurricane impact and construction of bridges in the coastal dune, stronger tide´s ebb into the Chabihau lagoon was recorded, changing it from a hyperhaline system to an euryhaline one. On the other hand, changes to hyperhaline conditions were observed in Santa Clara swamp during dry and flood seasons. After the hurricane, negative redox values were recorded throughout the entire Chabihau wetlands, in addition to a reduction in dissolved oxygen and pH, during both dry and flood seasons. This situation determined dominance of reductive processes in the three areas, with low temporal variability. If the salinization process continues in the Santa Clara swamp, changes may occur in the structure and composition of the mangrove forest.
[Key words: Coastal
wetlands, hurricane Isidore, hydraulic infrastructure, Yucatan, Mexico,
Chabihau wetland]
===================
Indian Journal of Marine Sciences
Vol. 36(3), September 2007, pp.193-198
Carbohydrates
in size fractionated dissolved organic matter in a station
of the Bay of Bengal
L. Fernandes*, F. DSouza & N. B. Bhosle
Marine Corrosion and Material Research
Division, National Institute of Oceanography
Dona Paula, 403 004, Goa, India
*[E-mail: loreta@nio.org ]
Received 12 July 2006; revised 18 June 2007
Seawater samples were collected from 4 depths (2, 100, 500 and 1000 m) at one station in the Bay of Bengal. Very high molecular weight (VHMW) (>30 kDa to 0.2 µm) and high molecular weight (HMW) (10 to 30 kDa) fractions of the dissolved organic matter (DOM) were collected using Amicon stirred Ultrafiltration Cell, and analysed for dissolved organic carbon (UDOC), total carbohydrates (UTCHO) and neutral sugars (UNS). UDOC concentrations were relatively higher in HMW fraction whereas, UTCHO and UNS were relatively enriched in VHMW fraction. Concentrations of UDOC, UTCHO and UNS generally decreased with increasing water depth. The UNS-C accounted for 2.2 to 6.2% of UDOC and generally decreased with depth. The observed decrease suggests utilization by in situ heterotrophic organisms. Monosaccharide composition data suggest that rhamnose, fucose and galactose were relatively more abundant in VHMW fraction, as well as glucose in HMW fraction. The weight percentage fractions of most of the monosaccharides of both VHMW and HMW did not show consistent decrease with depth. The yields and concentrations of UNS indicated a size-related diagentic sequence where VHMW represents the most reactive fraction.
[Key words: Bay of Bengal, ultra filtration, dissolved organic matter, carbohydrates, neutral sugars]
==================
Indian Journal of Marine Sciences
Vol. 36(3), September 2007, pp.199-205
Water
column characteristics following the September 2004 stench event
off southern Malabar coast
Siby
Kurian*, D.M. Shenoy, Mangesh Gauns, Rajdeep Roy, Gayatree Narvenkar, A. K.
Pratihary & Jane T. Paul
National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, India
*[E-mail: siby@nio.org]
Received 24 May 2006, revised 27 April 2007
An unusual stench emanated from the coastal waters of southwest coast India during September 2004 associated with an algal bloom. Water samples collected from 14 stations from the affected area after three weeks of the event, revealed that phytoplankton were dominated by holococcolithophorids (max 27 ´ 106 cells l-1) in the coastal stations in comparison with the offshore stations (max 8000 cells l-1), which contained mainly diatoms. Slightly low oxygen concentration (81-191 µM) associated with relatively lower temperature and high nutrients indicated the prevalence of weak upwelling in the region. Chlorophyll a to phaeopigments ratio at the coastal stations indicated that the bloom was in the degrading phase. Resultant microbial activities perhaps led to higher ammonia concentration in the study region. The holococcolithophorids seem to be uncommon to this region, but upon availability of right conditions, presumably temperature and nutrients formed massive bloom and consequently a stench affecting coastal population.
[Key words: Holococcolithophore, phytoplankton bloom, Arabian Sea, nutrients,
chlorophyll a, phaeopigments,
stench event, Malabar coast]
============================
Indian Journal of Marine Sciences
Vol. 36(3), September 2007, pp.206-215
Composition
and seasonal dynamics of postlarval and juvenile fishes in the Sundarbans
mangrove waters, Bangladesh
M. Enamul Hoq*
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh 2201, Bangladesh
and
M. Nazrul Islam
Department of Fisheries Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
*[E-mail: hoq_me@yahoo.com]
Received 5 June 2006, revised 12 June 2007
The composition and temporal distribution of the postlarval and juvenile fishes in five river systems of Sundarbans mangrove water with different salinities were studied. Monthly or fortnightly day time sampling was conducted with a rectangular drag net. Thirty seven species of fish belonging to 27 families were recorded during the 2 years study. Panchax melastigma, Liza parsia, L. tade and Gobiidae were the most abundant fish species/taxa. In the Sundarbans, species diversity and abundance gradually decreased from the freshwater zone to the saline zone. The highest monthly density of 13 species was observed in the Passur river during November. Liza spp. was the most abundant juvenile catch constituting 29.32%, followed by a small fish P. melastigma (20.13%) and Gobiidae (12.98%). No significant variation in abundance of fish species was observed with lunar cycle, although the annual peak was recorded in winter. Fish abundances varied significantly (p<0.05) among months and rivers. Water temperature and salinity were correlated with the most abundant species.
[Key words: Species abundance; seasonal dynamics;
Sundarbans, mangrove; fish; Bangladesh]
=============================
Indian Journal of Marine Sciences
Vol. 36(3), September 2007, pp.216-226
Structure
and secondary production of the macrobenthic community in an aquatic transition
environment of the Gulf of Olbia, Mediterranean Sea
Cristina Munari* & Michele Mistri
Department of Biology, Section of Biology and
Evolution, University of Ferrara,
via L. Borsari 46, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy
*[E-mail: mnc@unife.it]
Received
28 April 2006, revised 30 April 2007
The composition and the secondary production of the macrobenthic community of Rio Padrongiano Delta (the Gulf of Olbia, Tyrrhenian Sea) was investigated. Three sites (L, S and C) were sampled quarterly for macrofauna; environmental variables were measured monthly at each site. A total of 115 taxa, representing 9 phyla were identified. Data were subjected to univariate and multivariate analyses to discriminate among sites. Two-way ANOVA indicated that abundance N and other community measures (H, D* and D+) differed greatly among sites. Two sites were numerically dominated by Polychaetes (54.6% and 58.3% of total abundance, respectively), while, at the third site, they represented only 24.1%. Molluscs made the greatest contribution to the community biomass at all sites, accounting for 96%, 89.4% and 80.7% of the total biomass, respectively. Benthic production was estimated by an indirect method. Mean annual secondary production of macrobenthic community varied among 8.5, 23.8 and 94 g/m2/yr. Differences among sites were mostly dependent on the different contribute of an invasive mussel, Musculista senhousia. Musculista senhousia seems to facilitate other macrobenthic taxa and seems to have a fundamental role on secondary production of the macrobenthic community.
[Key words: Gulf of Olbia, macrobenthic community,
secondary production, Musculista senhousia, Mediterranean Sea]
==================================
Indian Journal of Marine Sciences
Vol. 36(3), September 2007, pp.227-234
Iron
(Fe) concentrations in the byssus and soft tissues of the green-lipped mussel
Perna viridis (L.): Byssus as an excretion route of Fe and Fe
bioavailability
in the coastal waters
C. K. Yap* & S. G. Tan
Department of Biology, Faculty of
Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
*[E-mail: yapckong@hotmail.com / yapckong1973@yahoo.com.sg ]
Received 29 May 2006, revised 13 June 2007
Iron (Fe) in the marine
mussels has been reported to play an important role in the strength of
attachment of the mussels since Fe is a major element in the attachment
property on the mussel byssus. However, the distribution of Fe in the
green-lipped mussel Perna viridis has not been reported in the literature. In this study, the distribution of
Fe in different parts of the byssus and soft tissues of
Perna viridis were investigated. It was found that the attachment
plaque of the byssus accumulated the highest concentration of Fe, followed by
the proximal, distal, stem and root. Iron levels were determined in the byssus
and soft tissues of P. viridis collected from 12 geographical sites. It was found that the Fe levels in the
byssus were the highest among all the soft tissues studied. The Fe levels could
be about 3-17 times higher (P <0.05) in the byssus than in the different soft tissues of
P. viridis. Since the byssus of blue mussel
Mytilus edulis has been reported to be an excretion route for Fe, it is
believed that the byssus of P. viridis
is an excretion route for Fe. The Fe could be an essential metal for byssal
formation and the byssus is a potential biomonitoring organ for Fe
bioavailaibility in coastal waters.
[Key words: Byssus, Fe, bioavailability, mussel, Perna viridis]
====================
Indian Journal of Marine Sciences
Vol. 36(3), September 2007, pp.235-238
Short
Communication
N-methylpyrrolidone:
Isolation and characterization of the compound from the marine sponge
Clathria frondifera (class:Demospongiae)
G. Radhika, R. Venkatesan* & S. Kathiroli,
National Institute of Ocean Technology,
Ocean Science and Technology for Islands,
Pallikaranai, Chennai-601302, India
*[E-mail: venkat@niot.res.in]
Received 16 January 2006, revised 27 April 2007
An investigation of the chemical composition of the marine sponge Clathria frondifera resulted in the isolation of the compound N-methylpyrrolidone which is widely used in the petrochemical, microelectronics fabrication, paint and pharmaceutical industry. This is the first report on the isolation and structural characterization of N-methylpyrrolidone from a marine source. The compound was purified by column chromatography and analyzed by TLC. The functional groups were analyzed by FTIR spectrum. The structure of the compound was established by spectroscopic analysis (UV, 1H and 13C NMR) and elucidated with the aid of COSY, HMQC, and HMBC experiments.
[Key words: Clathria frondifera, N-methylpyrrolidone, NMR, sponge]