Journal of Scientific
& Industrial Research
http://www.niscair.res.in; http://nopr.niscair.res.in Total visitors:3118 since 2-2-2011 |
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VOLUME 70
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NUMBER 2
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FEBRUARY 2011 |
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CONTENTS
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Reviews
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91
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Nanomaterials based decontaminants against chemical warfare agents
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This review deals with history and recent
technological advancements in the area of nanomaterials (NMs) and their
application in decontamination of chemical warfare agents, which on contact create
adverse health symptoms in humans. NMs based decontamination systems are an alternative
approach to liquid decontamination media with promising decontamination
properties against chemical warfare agents. High surface area and adequate
reactivity towards chemical warfare detoxification are key assets of NMs intended for such applications.
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105
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Controlled release agrochemicals formulations: A review
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This study reviews controlled release
formulation (CRF) of agrochemicals (fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides,
plant growth regulators etc.). Synthetic as well as naturally occurring
polymers have been used for preparation of these formulations. Dual
applications of polymer supported herbicides have also been attempted. This
strategy would open new areas for prevailing registered pesticides in India.
Scope of CRF in controlling other pests like mosquito is also visualised. |
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113
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A survey on mutation testing methods for automatic test cases
generation
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Mutation testing is a
fault based testing strategy to measure quality of testing. It measures how
good the tests are by inserting faults into the program under test. This
review presents a survey on various mutation testing tools available. Basic
concepts and notations of mutation testing are described along with working
mechanisms. |
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Management & Information Technology |
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118 |
Sub-Nyquist
sampling of high-speed repetitive waveforms using compressed sensing |
This study presents a sub-Nyquist sampling model using compressed sensing (CS) as a new signal processing framework to acquire and reconstruct sparse signals. High-speed periodic signals were sampled using low frequency sampling circuit and reconstructed via CS recovery algorithm, resulting in a high equivalent sampling frequency. This prototype system is able to capture repetitive waveforms at an equivalent sampling rate of 2.5 GHz while sampling at no more than 50 MHz physically.
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123 |
Performance analysis of brain
image registration techniques using fast walsh hadamard transform and
modified adaptive polar transform |
This study proposes a medical image registration method using two algorithms [Fast Walsh Hadamard transform (FWHT) and Modified Adaptive Polar transform (MAPT)], which register images of same or different modalities using CT or / and MRI brain images. FWHT gave better results than MAPT. In medical image registration of brain images, FWHT is more reliable for translation and rotation invariant, whereas MAPT is more reliable for scaling and rotation invariant. Hence for registration of brain images using translation and rotation, FWHT can be used, and for registration of brain images using rotation and scaling, MAPT can be used.
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S & T and Industrial Research |
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129 |
Effect of geometry on flow structure and pressure drop in pneumatic
conveying of solids along horizontal ducts |
This study presents further developments in Euler/Lagrange approach to calculate confined particle-laden flows in pneumatic conveying lines. Special emphasis is placed on influence of particle-wall collisions and wall roughness as well as inter-particle collisions on developing two-phase flow structure and resulting process parameters. In a horizontal pipe flow, due to wall roughness-induced focussing of particle trajectories towards the core of pipe, a secondary flow in pipe cross-section develops. Additional pressure drop due to particles in pipe flow was higher than that in channel due to different wall collision behaviour. |
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135 |
Biological characterization of marine fish
pathogen, Acinetobacter sp. strain An 2 producing
antibacterial metabolites |
This study presents antibacterial activity of several organic metabolites produced by a fish pathogen, Acinetobacter sp. strain An 2, from marine ecosystem of Goa. Cell extract demonstrated stronger inhibitory effects on Gram negative bacteria as compared to common antibiotics. GC-MS analysis of crude cell extract revealed presence of potential antimicrobials (butylated hydroxytoluene, phenol, pyrrolo-phenol, benzo-quinone, pyrrolo-pyrazine, phthalic acid butyl octyl ester and penta-fluoro- propionic acid hepta-decyl ester). FTIR analysis of its exopolysaccharide (EPS) revealed presence of amine, amide, carboxylic and phenyl groups. Therefore, this strain can be exploited as a potential candidate for several antibacterial drugs to combat bacterial pathogens causing serious fish and human diseases. |
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142 |
Effect
of nutritional and environmental factors on cellulases activity by
thermophilic bacteria isolated from hot spring |
This study presents effects of some nutritional and environmental factors on cellulases production by isolates, Bacillus licheniformis WBS1 and Bacillus sp. WBS3, which have been isolated from an Indian hot spring. Activity of both CMCase and FPase were higher in case of wheat straw. Maximum enzymatic activity was found at following optimum parameters: pH (8.0 when grown on rice, 9.0 when grown on wheat); temperature, 60°C; and incubation period, 60 h. In addition, combination of inorganic and organic nitrogen source was found to be most suitable for cellulases production. |
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149 |
Tablet disintegrant activities of new
starch from immature pepino fruits |
A new starch powder isolated by steeping process from pepino fruits (Solanum muricatum Aiton) as tablet disintegrant was compared with maize starch BP (MS) in paracetamol tablets prepared via wet granulation method. PS formulations showed longer disintegration time than MS. However disintegration time was comparable at 10% w/w concentration: PS, 4.7; and MS, 5.0 min. PS is likely to initiate disintegration by swelling and capillary action. Drug dissolution (70%) was within 30 min. Thus PS powder appears to be a suitable substitute for MS as internal disintegrant in paracetamol tablet formulations.
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Energy and Environment |
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156 |
Bioethanol production from acid pretreated
water hyacinth by separate hydrolysis and fermentation |
This study evaluated water hyacinth as feedstock for bioethanol
production. Among different organic and mineral acids tested on pretreatment
of water hyacinth, H2SO4 was found to be effective.
Structural changes before and after pretreatment were evaluated by SEM, FTIR
and XRD analysis. Various process parameters on hydrolysis of H2SO4
pretreated water hyacinth were optimized. Under optimized conditions,
bioethanol (0.292% w/v) was obtained with an actual efficiency of 59.3%.
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162 |
Ethanol production with
natural carbon sources in batch and continuous fermentation using free and immobilized Saccharomyces
cerevisiae |
This study presents ethanol production from molasses, dates and
sugarcane syrup with sugar concentration of 35 g/l in batch culture. Molasses
(retention time, 24 h; initial sugar concentration, 100 g/l) gave highest yield of
ethanol [conc., 45.5 g/l (theoretical yield 89%)] in a packed bed reactor loaded with immobilized Saccharomyces
cerevisiae beads (mean diam, 3 mm). Entrapment method was used to
encapsulate free cells using 2.5% sodium alginate solution, solidified in
calcium chloride bath. Growth kinetic model for S. cerevisiae in
batch culture and rate model for performance of immobilized cell reactor were
determined.
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170 |
Cost effectiveness of
restoring energy in execution part of pneumatic system |
This study presents a structure of pneumatic
systems with a special emphasis on energy saving in execution by a method of
restoring energy via by-pass valve. Realized average energy savings are:
conventional systems, 38.8; and servo systems, 28.6%. Cost effectiveness of
proposed method is also presented.
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177 |
‘Grand
unified Theory: Part I’ & ‘Quality Control for Value Addition in Food
Processing’ reviewed by Dr P D Tyagi |
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Author-Reader Platform |
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179 |
Instructions to contributors
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