NATURAL PRODUCT RADIANCE
|
VOLUME 5 |
NUMBER 2 |
March-April 2006 |
CONTENTS
Editorial
89
Research Articles/Articles
Production of
fermented cereal powders
D I
Olorunfemi, A P O Dede and M Idu
IPC code; Int. cl.7 ¾ A23L 1/10,
A23L 1/105
90
Survival and infectivity of entomopathogenic nematodes in alginate gel formulations
against rice meal moth
larva, Corcyra cephalonica Stainton
R
Umamaheswari, M
Sivakumar and S Subramanian
IPC code; Int. cl.7 — A01N 1/00, A01N 63/00 95
Wound healing activity of Cordia dichotoma Forst. f. fruits
I J Kuppast
and P Vasudeva Nayak
IPC code; Int. cl.7 ¾ A61K
35/78, A61P 17/02 99
Protective effect of Syzygium cuminii (Linn.) Skeels seed extract on lipid peroxidation in alloxan induced diabetic rats
P
Krishnamoorthy, S
Vaithinathan and A Bhuvaneswari
IPC code; Int. cl.7 — A61K 35/78, A61P 3/10, A61P
39/06 103
Little known uses of
common aquatic plant, Hydrilla verticillata (Linn. f.) Royle
IPC code; Int. cl.7 ¾ A61K 35/78, A23L 1/00 108
An avowal of importance of endangered tree Oroxylum indicum (Linn.)
Vent.
Green Page: Research Articles/Articles
Effect of varying levels of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth and yield of the
medicinal plant, Alpinia
galanga Willd.
IPC code; Int. cl.7 — A01G 1/00,
A61K 35/78, C11B 9/00
120
Acokanthera oppositifolia (Lam.) Codd.— An ornamental poisonous plant
IPC code; Int. cl. — A61K 35/78, A01G 1/00 124
Medicinal uses of plants by tribal medicine men of Nandurbar district in Maharashtra
IPC code;
Int. cl.7 ¾ A61K 35/78
125
Daphne papyracea Wall. ex Steud. —A traditional source of paper making in Arunachal Pradesh
Ashish Paul, A
Arunachalam, M L Khan and K
Arunachalam
IPC code; Int. cl.7 — D21B 1/00, D21B 1/02,
D21B 1/04
133
A survey of medicinal plants in Kollimalai hill tracts, Tamil Nadu
R
M Anand, N Nandakumar, L Karunakaran, M Ragunathan and V Murugan
IPC code; Int. cl.7 ¾ A61K 35/78
139
Little known use of Haloxylon spp. in traditional food
Harchand R Dagla and N S
Shekhawat
IPC code; Int. cl.7 ¾ A23K 1/00, A23L 1/00, C10L 5/44
131
Review Articles
A review on antidepressants plants
Dinesh Dhingra and Amandeep Sharma
IPC code; Int. cl.7 ¾ A61K 35/78, A61P 25/24
144
A review on gastric ulcer remedies used in
Unani system of medicine
Anwar Jamal, Aisha
Siddiqui, Tajuddin and M A Jafri
IPC code; Int.
cl.7 —A61K 35/78, A61P 1/04
153
Index
164
Vol.5, March – April 2006,
90-94
Production of fermented cereal powders
D I Olorunfemi, A P O Dede and M Idu
The white and yellow varieties of maize (Zea mays Linn.), millet [Pennisetum
typhoides (Burm.f.) Stapf
& C.E. Hubbard] and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor
(Linn.) Moench] were used to produce durable and storable dry powders
using a fluidized drying technique at 70°C for 40 minutes. The powders were blended with fruit
extracts essentially to provide flavours. Microbial counts of the powders
indicated presence of scanty growth of non-pathogenic colonies and these were
significantly lower than data obtained for locally prepared wet pastes. The
proximate composition of the dry powdery products obtained from the cereals did
not change significantly after a shelf-life of 12 months. The relative advantages
of the products over the wet pastes are discussed.
Keywords: Fermented
cereal powder, Wet flour-paste, Maize, Millet, Sorghum, Zea mays, Pennisetum
typhoides, Sorghum bicolor, Shelf-life.
IPC code; Int. cl.7 ¾ A23L 1/10,
A23L 1/105
vol.5, March – April 2006,
95-98
Survival and
infectivity of
entomopathogenic nematodes in alginate gel formulations against rice meal moth
larva, Corcyra cephalonica Stainton
R Umamaheswari, M Sivakumar
and S Subramanian
Entomopathogenic
nematodes, viz. Steinernema glaseri, S. siamkayai and Heterorhabditis indica were formulated in alginate gel capsules and
tested in vitro at two temperatures
(5ºC and 25ºC) for their storage and infectivity against rice meal moth larva, Corcyra cephalonica Stainton. The nematode S. glaseri survived longer up to 24 weeks and 100 per cent
survival was observed up to 4 weeks at 5°C. However, their infectivity was 100
per cent up to 4 weeks at 5°C. It was followed by S. siamkayai which survived up to 22 weeks at 5°C and 14 weeks at
25°C. H. indica revealed 100 per cent
infectivity up to 2 weeks at 5°C and 25°C.
Keywords: Alginate gel formulation, Entomopathogenic nematodes, Heterorhabditis indica, Steinernema glaseri,
Steinernema siamkayai, Rice meal moth larva, Corcyra cephalonica, Bioinsecticides
IPC code; Int. cl.7 — A01N 1/00, A01N 63/00
Vol.5, March – April 2006, 99-102
Wound healing activity of Cordia dichotoma
Forst. f. fruits
I J Kuppast and P
Vasudeva Nayak
The extraction of fruits of Cordia dichotoma Forst. f. was carried out using ethanol. This extract was further fractionated using petroleum ether (40-60%), solvent ether, ethyl acetate, butanol and butanone in succession. These fractions were screened for wound healing activity using three different models, viz. excision, incision and dead space wound models on either sex of albino rats of Wistar strain. All the fractions showed significant (P<0.001) activity on the chosen models.
Keywords : Cordia dichotoma, Ethanol extract, Flavonoids, Wound healing activity.
IPC code; Int. cl.7 ¾ A61K 35/78, A61P 17/02
Vol.5, March – April 2006, 103-107
Protective effect of Syzygium cuminii (Linn.) Skeels seed extract on lipid peroxidation in
alloxan induced diabetic rats
P Krishnamoorthy*, S Vaithinathan and A Bhuvaneswari
The effect of Black plum, Syzygium cuminii (Linn.) Skeels (syn. S. jambolanum DC.) seed extract on lipid peroxidation in alloxan induced diabetic rats was studied. Alloxan 150mg (mg/kg body weight) increased significantly the glucose level in blood and induced the Lipid Peroxidation (LPO) in liver. The antioxidant enzymes Catalase (CAT), Reduced Glutathione (GSH), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver were decreased. Oral administration of the extract for 15 days to alloxan treated animals showed remarkable increase in the level of antioxidant enzymes and reduced the level of lipid peroxidation activity and blood glucose. The results suggest that seed extract of the plant is an antioxidant and acute hyperglycaemic drug and might be used in the regulation of lipid peroxidation without detectable adverse side effects.
Key words: Black plum, Jamun, Syzygium cuminii, Syzygium jambolanum, Seed extract, Antioxidant, Alloxan, Diabetes, Lipid peroxidation, Oxidative stress.
IPC code; Int. cl.7 —A61K 35/78, A61P 3/10, A61P 39/06
Vol.5, March – April 2006, 108-111
Little
known uses of common aquatic plant, Hydrilla verticillata (Linn. f.)
Royle
D K Pal* and
S B Nimse
Plants have been associated with health, nutrition and overall care of mankind since time immemorial. Hydrilla verticillata (Linn.f.) Royle is credited with numerous biological activities. The plant is the rich source of variable nutrients and chemical constituents like saponins, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, amino acids, detoxifying agents, etc. Hydrilla is especially valuable to true vegetarians. Besides its other uses, therapeutically this plant may be used to provide complete nutrition, to improve digestion and gastrointestinal function, circulation, neurological health, blood sugar control, to strengthen immunity and increase endurance. The paper highlights various medicinal uses of the plant and different nutrients and chemical constituents present in it.
Keywords : Hydrilla
verticillata, Aquatic plant, Medicinal uses, Nutrients, Antioxidants,
Detoxifying agents.
IPC code; Int. cl.7 ¾ A61K 35/78, A 23L 1/00
Vol.5, March – April 2006, 112-114
An avowal of importance of
endangered tree Oroxylum indicum (Linn.) Vent.
A small
deciduous tree Oroxylum indicum (Linn.) Vent. of family Bignoniaceae,
also known as Shivnak, Sonapatha, Shyonaka or Midnight horror
possesses economic as well as medicinal importance. The tree was distributed
throughout the greater part of India but now it is listed amongst endangered
species in many areas in the country. Its conservation is urgently required.
Keywords: Shivnak, Sonapatha, Shyonaka, Midnight horror, Oroxylum
indicum, Medicinal plant, Endangered tree, Conservation.
Vol.5, March – April 2006, 115-119
Some plants found in coastal region have been discussed as
possible source of anticancer drugs, based on traditional uses and preliminary
scientific works. Further investigation for various other medicinal properties
of coastal vegetation is required to explore these natural resources.
Keywords: Coastal plants, Anticancer drugs, Mangroves,
Salt-marsh, Sand-dune.
Green page: Research Article/Article
Vol.5, March – April 2006, 120-123
Effect of varying levels of nitrogen and phosphorus on
growth and yield of the medicinal plant, Alpinia galanga Willd.
An experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2000 and 2001 to study the response of Alpinia galanga Willd. to nitrogen and phosphorus in upland terraces under mid altitude conditions of Meghalaya. The results indicated that increasing levels of nitrogen and phosphorus application significantly increased fresh rhizome yield up to 100 Kg N/ha and 80 Kg P2O5/ha. Thereafter, non significant effects were noticed. Application of 100 Kg N/ha has also resulted in highest oil content (0.37%), which was at par with oil contents observed from the application of 80 Kg P2O5/ha (0.34%) and 120 Kg P2O5/ha (0.36%). The interaction effects were significant for plant height and fresh rhizome yield, recording highest values at 150 Kg N and 120 Kg P2O5/ ha. These values were at par with the values obtained from the application of 100 Kg N/ ha and 80 Kg P2O5/ ha for these two characters.
Keywords: Medicinal plant, Alpinia galanga, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Interaction effects, Galangal oil
Vol.5, March – April 2006, 124
Acokanthera
oppositifolia (Lam.) Codd. – An ornamental poisonous plant
Sandeep Kumar and HB Singh
Out of total five species of Acokanthera G. Don, two South and East African species, Acokanthera oblongifolia (Hochst.) Codd. and A. oppositifolia (Lam.) Codd are grown as ornamental shrub or small trees in Indian gardens. The flowers are sweet scented and fruits are attractive like black plum but whole plant is highly poisonous. The paper highlights the reported medicinal and poisonous properties of latter species and suggests not growing this species in school premises or public places.
Keywords: Acokanthera oblongifolia, Acokanthera oppositifolia, Poisonous, Medicinal, Ornamental, Sarp, Bushman poison bush, Poison bush.
IPC code; Int. cl.7 —A61K 35/78, A01G 1/00
Explorer: Research Article/Article
vol.5, March – April 2006, 125-130
Medicinal uses of plants by
tribal medicine men of Nandurbar district in Maharashtra
H M Patil and V V Bhaskar
The tribals of Nandurbar district have their own system of herbal medicine. Many of their herbal preparations for various ailments are different from Ayurvedic and Unani system of medicine. The paper provides some interesting therapeutic uses of plants ranging from emetic to anti-diabetic. The knowledge system of Nandurbar tribes in herbal medicine shall be useful for phytochemists and pharmacologists for further exploration.
Keywords: Ethnobotany,
Tribal medicine, Medicinal plants, Nandurbar, Maharashtra.
IPC code;
Int. cl.7 ¾ A61K 35/78
Vol.5, March – April 2006, 131-132
Little known use of Haloxylon spp. in
traditional food
Harchand R Dagla and N S Shekhawat
An account of gathered information on traditional uses of Haloxylon salicornicum (Moq.) Bunge and H. recurvum (Moq.) Bunge ex Boiss. in food preparations by the local people of Jaisalmer and Barmer districts of Western Rajasthan has been communicated in this manuscript. Other uses of these plants as a source of fuel, food, fodder and in agricultural practices have also been discussed.
Keywords: Haloxylon salicornicum, Haloxylon recurvum, Lana, Khar, Food, Fuel, Fodder, Traditional uses, Western Rajasthan, Thar Desert.
IPC code; Int. cl.7 ¾ A23K 1/00, A23L 1/00, C10L 5/44
Vol.5, March – April 2006, 133-138
Daphne
papyracea Wall. ex Steud. – A traditional source of paper making
in Arunachal Pradesh
Ashish Paul, A Arunachalam, M L Khan and K Arunachalam
Non-timber
forest products (NTFPs) in recent years have been attracting attention of
institutions and industries concerned with natural products development. In
this context, traditional knowledge and practices are important in prudent
resource use and biodiversity conservation. Currently, wood is by far the major
raw material for the global pulp and paper industry and non-wood fibres are a
minor part of raw material supply. China and India are leaders in the
utilization of non-woods for paper making. Daphne
papyracea Wall. ex Steud., locally called as ‘Shuksheng’ is a NTFP which is traditionally used as paper making
material by Monpas tribe of West
Kameng and Tawang districts of Arunachal Pradesh. The traditional paper making
technique of this tribes is described in this paper.
Keywords: Daphne papyracea, Shuksheng, Non-timber forest products (NTFP), Nonwood fibres, Paper, Monpas, Indigenous paper making technique, Arunachal Pradesh
IPC code; Int. cl.7 — D21B 1/00, D21 B 1/02, D21B 1/04
Vol.5, March – April 2006, 139-143
A survey of medicinal
plants in Kollimalai hill tracts, Tamil Nadu
R M Anand, N Nandakumar,
L Karunakaran, M Ragunathan and V Murugan
A survey of
Kollimalai hill tracts of Tamil Nadu, India was conducted to record the plants
known in the tribal pockets and mentioned in the present paper. Inhabitants
utilize a number of medicinal plants for the treatment of various ailments. The
present study aims to draw the attention of phytochemists and pharmacologists
to the need of further critical study. If the efficacy of each plant is
scientifically established then these plant drugs can be recommended to rural
people who are within the reach of these potential drugs.
Key words: Ethno-medicinal uses, Medicinal plants, Tribals, Kollimalais, Tamil Nadu.
IPC code; Int. cl.7 ¾ A61K 35/78
Review Articles
Vol.5, March – April 2006, 144-152
Depression is a heterogeneous mood disorder that has been
classified and treated in a variety of ways. Although a number of synthetic
drugs are being used as standard treatment for clinically depressed patients,
they have adverse effects that can compromise the therapeutic treatment. Thus,
it is worthwhile to look for antidepressants from plants with proven advantage and favourable benefit-to-risk
ratio. A number of medicinal plants per
se and medicines derived from these plants have shown antidepressant
properties by virtue of their medicinal constituents. The causes of depression
are decreased brain levels of monoamines like noradrenaline, dopamine and
serotonin. Therefore, drugs restoring the reduced levels of these monoamines in
the brain either by inhibiting monoamine oxidase or by inhibiting reuptake of
these neurotransmitters might be fruitful in the treatment of depression. The
present review is focused on the medicinal plants and plant-based formulations
having antidepressant activity in animal studies and in humans.
Keywords: Depression, Medicinal plants, Antidepressants, Herbal
medicine.
IPC code; Int. cl.7 ¾ A61K 35/78, A61P 25/24
Vol.5, March – April 2006, 153-159
A review on gastric ulcer remedies used in Unani
System of medicine
Anwar Jamal, Aisha Siddiqui, Tajuddin and M A Jafri
Peptic ulcer is the erosion in lining of stomach or duodenum. The word ‘Peptic’ refers to pepsin, a stomach enzyme that break downs proteins. Peptic ulcer located in the stomach is called gastric ulcer. Normally the linings of the stomach and small intestine have protection against the irritating acid produced in stomach. For a variety of reasons, the protective mechanism may become faulty, leading to a breakdown of the lining. The result is inflammation (gastritis) or an ulcer.
It is believed that adults in high stress jobs are mostly affected by gastric ulcer, but people of any age even children are found affected by this problem. Ulcer is curable with the combination of different kind of antibiotics, an acid reducer and H2 receptor blockers, proton pump inhibitors, etc., which are expensive to a common man and have prolong side effects also. In Unani system of medicine plants, animals as well as mineral origin drugs are being used clinically for the treatment of this disease without any side effect. These are time tested, centuries old, safe for use and cost effective. However, there is a need to maintain their purity, quality and safety by subjecting to scientific validation. Experimentally studied as well as potential medicinal plants used for gastric ulcer in Unani system of medicine are being discussed in this paper.
Key words: Peptic ulcer, Gastric ulcer, Unani
system of medicine, Unani drugs.
IPC code; Int. cl.7
—A61K 35/78, A61P 1/04