Journal of
Scientific & Industrial Research
http://www.niscair.res.in; http://nopr.niscair.res.in Total visitors: 2330 since 30-04-2012
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VOLUME 71
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NUMBER 5
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MAY 2012 |
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CONTENTS
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Review
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309
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Effect of process parameters on tire pyrolysis: a review
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This
review presents pyrolysis of scrap tires with a focus on effect of process
parameters (reactor temperature, gas flow rate and catalyst-tire ratio) on
yield. Three commercially important pyrolysis by-products from scrap tires
are carbon residue, pyrolitic oil and pyro-gas. Pyrolysis of scrap tire starts
at 250°C and gets completed at 550°C. Presence of catalysts produces lighter
oil with a drastic increase in the concentration of single ring aromatics. |
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Management & Information
Technology
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316 |
Modeling and
optimization of a natural convection-based agricultural dryer |
This study presents development of a computational fluid dynamic
(CFD) model to predict unsteady, two-dimensional temperature, moisture and
velocity distributions inside a novel, biomass-fired, natural convection-type
agricultural dryer. Results show that in initial stages of drying, when
material surface is wet and moisture is easily available, moisture removal
rate from surface depends upon the condition of drying air. Subsequently,
material surface becomes dry and moisture removal rate is driven by diffusion
of moisture from inside to the material surface. An optimum 9-tray
configuration is found to be more efficient for the same mass of material and
volume of dryer. A new configuration of dryer, mainly to explore its
potential to increasing uniformity in drying across all trays, is also
analyzed.
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Management & Information
Technology
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324 |
A robust blind image
watermarking based on Double Haar Wavelet Transform (DHWT) |
This study proposes a blind
watermarking algorithm based on Double Haar Wavelet Transform (DHWT) for
copyright protection of digital images. Proposed algorithm achieved very high
imperceptibility, evidenced by high PSNR value for gray scale images, and
produced very high robustness against image processing attacks.
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330 |
A comparison of
lifted lead defect inspection system for surface mount technology |
This
study presents development of an automated lead defect inspection system by using Visual Mechanical Inspection Scanner (VMIS)
in semiconductor industry. In any device seated out of
cavity, VMIS detects misplacement error (ME), a quality defect in surface mount technology (SMT). The system was successfully tested on
devices with 90% accuracy of inspection. Thus VMIS can inspect
device seated out of cavity and hence prevents lifted lead from occurring.
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334 |
Wireless sensor system for monitoring of compressed air filters |
This study presents a
wireless filter monitoring system (WFMS) for compressed air filters based on
a very low power consumption microcontroller. Proposed system consists of two
separate units (sensor and base), which constantly monitor filters. It is
very easy to install in existing manufacturing systems, simple and efficient
for production and use, inexpensive, non-invasive, and continuous system with
almost real-time update possibilities. It can be easily extended for
monitoring other components that cause pressure drop.
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Management & Information
Technology
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341 |
A heuristic model
for optimizing fuzzy knowledge base in a pattern recognition system |
This study presents a genetic
algorithm (GA) to optimize performance of fuzzy system to recognize facial
expression from images. In proposed model, a Mamdani-type fuzzy rule based
system recognizes emotions, and a GA is used to improve accuracy and
robustness of the system. To evaluate system performance, images from FG-Net
(FEED) and Cohn-Kanade database were used to obtain the best functions
parameters. Proposed model under training process not only increased accuracy
rate of emotion recognition but also increased validity of the model in
adverse conditions.
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S & T and Industrial Research
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348 |
Encapsulation of neem and
karanja oil mixture for synergistic as well as larvicidal activity for
mosquito control |
This study presents larvicidal effect of neem (Azadirachta indica) and karanja (Pongamia glabra) oil encapsulated
calcium alginate beads (individuals and combination) against mosquito species
(Aedes aegypti). Studies were
conducted by combining these two oils with and without converting into
alginate based encapsulation formulation. Combination (30% neem oil and 70%
karanja oil) was found to be more effective then any other combination. The
combination of neem and karanja oil recorded an LC50 of 3.1 g/l
against A. aegypti. Mortality also
increases in terms of concentration of active ingredients (20-77%) after 48
h. FTIR studies indicate that there is no chemical interaction between oils
or oil and polymer.
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Energy and Environment
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353 |
Optimization of cellulase
synthesis by RSM and evaluation of ethanol production from enzymatically
hydrolyzed sugarcane bagasse using Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
This study presents ethanol production from enzymatically hydrolyzed sugarcane bagasse
using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Response surface methodology
(RSM) was used to optimize conditions for the production of endo β-1, 4
glucanase component of cellulase using Aspergillus
nidulans MTCC344 under solid
state condition, employing pretreated bagasse as chief substrate. Cellulase
thus produced was utilized for hydrolyses
of pretreated bagasse resulting in soluble sugars. FTIR and XRD of
bagasse showed structural changes through pretreatment, in favor of enzymatic
hydrolysis during cellulase production. Ethanol produced was found to be strongly dependent on pretreatment given,
hydrolysis and fermentation conditions.
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360 |
Measurement of NH3, NO, NO2 and
related particulates at urban sites of Indo Gangetic Plain (IGP) of India |
In the present study the
concentration of ambient NH3, NO and NO2 were measured along with particulate
matter (PM10) at urban sites of Chandigarh and Delhi of IGP of
India during December 2010 to March 2011 to study their variability and
concentration. The concentration
of NH3 was ranges from 0.72 – 22.81 µg m-3 with an average value of 5.17 ± 0.92 µg m-3 over Chandigarh
whereas the average concentration of NH3 was recorded as 8.54 ±
0.72 µg m-3 over
Delhi. The average concentration of
ambient NO and NO2 were recorded as 13.13 ± 1.50 µg m-3 and 5.92 ± 0.38 µg m-3 respectively over Chandigarh. The NH4+
concentration ranged from 2.60 – 4.39 µg m-3, with an average value of 3.41 ±
0.78 µg m-3 at Chandigarh whereas at the average NH4+
concentrations was estimated as 9.91 ± 3.77 µg m-3 with a range of 6.61 – 14.6 µg m-3 at Delhi.
During the study, NH3 concentration was significantly
correlated with NH4+ concentration at both of the locations (r2= 0.87 and r2 = 0.96). The NH3/
NH4+ ratios varied from 0.59 – 1.75 with an average value of 0.86 over Delhi whereas, NH3/
NH4+ ratios varied from 0.28 – 5.19 over Chandigarh. A good correlation of SO42-
and NO3- with NH4+ (NH4+
vs. SO42-, r2
= 0.91; NH4+ vs. NO3-, r2 = 0.96) and NH3
(NH3 vs. SO42-, r2 = 0.90; NH3 vs. NO3-,
r2 = 0.91) over Delhi
indicates the formation of aerosol. More or less similar, correlations were
also recorded over Chandigarh during the study. |
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Waste
Treatment and Utilization |
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363 |
Decomposition
of aromatic sulphonic acid syntan in aqueous solution using ozone |
This study examines degradation of syntan (synthetic tannin)
using ozonation process. Ozonation of syntan (initial conc. 100 mg/l; ozone
dose, 1 g/h) showed removal of COD (91%), tannin (98%) and UV absorbance
(99%) at pH 7. A significant BOD5/COD ratio variation (0.21-0.29)
at pH 7 confirmed that ozonation is an effective methodology for syntan
degradation.
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Book Reviews
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367 |
Quality
standards of Indian medicinal plants, Vol 10 & Phytochemical reference
standards of selected Indian medicinal plants, Vol 2 reviewed by Dr H B Singh
&Kumar Avinash Bharati |
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Author-Reader Platform
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369 |
Instructions to contributors
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